Climate Change - Global Warming

de en fr   New Messages

Extract from
"Internet-Erkunden: Klimawandel / Climate Change / Changement climatique"

Climate Change - Originated by the sun, not by CO2

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1 Introduction

Walter Cunningham	Physicist, NASA Apollo 7 Astronaut NASA's second civilian astronaut, Fighter pilot, Col. USMCR-Retired physicist, entrepreneur, venture capitalist, author of The All-American Boys, lecturer and host of Lift-off To Logic, a radio talk show.

In Science, Ignorance is not Bliss

• NASA has played a key role in one of the greatest periods of scientific progress in history. It is uniquely positioned to collect the most comprehensive data on our biosphere.
  For example, recently generated NASA data enabled scientists to finally understand the Gulf Stream warming mechanism and its effect on European weather. Such data will allow us to improve our models, resulting in better seasonal forecasts.
  NASA's Aqua satellite is showing that water vapor, the dominant greenhouse gas, works to offset the effect of carbon dioxide (CO2).
  This information, contrary to the assumption used in all the warming models, is ignored by global warming alarmists.
  Climate understanding and critical decision making require comprehensive data about our planet's land, sea, and atmosphere. Without an adequate satellite system to provide such data, policy efforts and monitoring international environmental agreements are doomed to failure. Our satellite monitoring capability is being crippled by interagency wrangling and federal budget issues. As much as a third of our satellites need replacing in the next couple of years.
  NASA should be at the forefront in the collection of scientific evidence and debunking the current hysteria over human-caused, or Anthropogenic Global Warming (AGW). Unfortunately, it is becoming just another agency caught up in the politics of global warming, or worse, politicized science. Advocacy is replacing objective evaluation of data, while scientific data is being ignored in favor of emotions and politics.
  There are excellent correlations between the regular fluctuations of the Sun and the Earth's temperature, while scientists cannot find a relationship between industrial activity, energy consumption, and global temperatures. But global warming is an issue no longer being decided in the scientific arena.
  Saying the Earth is warming is to state the obvious.
  Since the end of the ice age, the Earth's temperature has increased approximately 16 degrees Fahrenheit and sea levels have risen a total of 300 feet.
  That is certain and measurable evidence of warming, but it is not evidence of AGW-human-caused warming.
  We can track the temperature of the Earth back for millennia. Knowing the temperature of the Earth, past or present, is a matter of collecting data, analyzing it, and coming up with the best answer to account for the data. Collecting such data on a global basis is a NASA forte.
  I believe in global climate change, but there is no way that humans can influence the temperature of our planet to any measurable degree with the tools currently at their disposal. Any human contribution to global temperature change is lost in the noise of terrestrial and cosmic factors.
  Our beautiful home planet has been warming and cooling for the last 4.8 billion years. Most recently, it has been warming-be it ever so slightly-but there is nothing unusual about it! The changes and rates of change in the Earth's temperature, just since the Industrial Revolution, have occurred many times in our climatic history. While climate scientists generally agree that the Earth's temperature is always changing, not many of them would say that humans are responsible for those changes.
  None of this is to say there are not legitimate reasons to restrict emissions of any number of chemicals into the atmosphere. We should just not fool ourselves into thinking we will change the temperature of the Earth by doing so.
  In a December 2007 Senate report, 400 prominent scientists signed a letter pointing out that climate change was a well-known natural phenomenon, and that adapting to it is far more sensible than attempting to prevent it. Their ranks included experts in climatology, geology, oceanography, biology, glaciology, biogeography, meteorology, economics, chemistry, mathematics, environmental sciences, engineering, physics, and paleo-climatology. Their message: When changes are gradual, man has an almost infinite ability to adapt and evolve.
  The fearmongers of global warming base their case on the correlation between CO2 and global temperature, even though we cannot be sure which is cause and which is effect. Historically, temperature increases have preceded high CO2 levels, and there have been periods when atmospheric CO2 levels were as much as 16 times what they are now, periods characterized not by warming but by glaciation. You might have to go back half a million years to match our current level of atmospheric CO2, but you only have to go back to the Medieval Warming Period, from the 10th to the 14th Century, to find an intense global warming episode, followed immediately by the drastic cooling of the Little Ice Age. Neither of these events were caused by variations in CO2 levels.
  Even though CO2 is a relatively minor constituent of "greenhouse gases," alarmists have made it the whipping boy for global warming (probably because they know how fruitless it would be to propose controlling other principal constituents, H2O, CH4, and N2O). Since human activity does contribute a tiny portion of atmospheric CO2, they blame us for global warming.
  Other inconvenient facts ignored by the activists:
  Carbon dioxide is a nonpolluting gas, essential for plant photosynthesis. Higher concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere produce bigger harvests.
  In spite of warnings of severe consequences from rising seas, droughts, severe weather, species extinction, and other disasters, the U.S. has not been stampeded into going along with the recommendations of the UN Panel on Climate Change-so far. Even though evidence supports the American position, we have begun to show signs of caving in to the alarmists.
  With scientific evidence going out of style, emotional arguments and anecdotal data are ruling the day. The media subjects us to one frightening image of environmental nightmare after another, linking each to global warming. Journalists and activist scientists use hurricanes, wildfires, and starving polar bears to appeal to our emotions, not to our reason. They are far more concerned with anecdotal observations, such as the frozen sea ice inside the Arctic Circle, than they are with understanding why it is happening and how frequently it has occurred in the past.
  After warnings that 2007 would be the hottest year on record and a record year for hurricanes, what we experienced was the coolest year since 2001 and, by some measures, the most benign hurricane season in the Northern Hemisphere in three decades.
  Even though recent changes in our atmosphere are all within the bounds of the Earth's natural variability, a growing number of people are willing to throw away trillions of dollars on fruitless solutions. Why do we allow emotional appeals and anecdotal data to shape our conclusions and influence our expenditures with the science and technology we have available at our fingertips?
  The situation is complex, but the sad state of scientific literacy in America today is partially to blame for belief in AGW. When a 2006 National Science Foundation survey found 25 percent of Americans not knowing the Earth revolves around the Sun, you know that science education is at a new low and society is vulnerable to the emotional appeal of AGW. And don't underestimate the role of politics and political correctness.
  The public debate should focus on the real cause of global temperature change and whether we can do anything about it. Is global warming a natural inevitability, or is it AGW-human caused?
  The conflict over AGW has deteriorated into a religious war; a war between true believers in human-caused global warming and nonbelievers; between those who accept AGW on faith and those who consider themselves more sensible and better informed. "True believers" are beyond being interested in evidence; it is impossible to reason a person out of positions they have not been reasoned into.
  It doesn't help that NASA scientist James Hansen was one of the early alarmists claiming humans caused global warming. Hansen is a political activist who spreads fear even when NASA's own data contradict him.
  Warming in the upper atmosphere should occur before any surface warming effect, but NASA's own data show that has not been happening. Global temperature readings-accurate to 0.1 degree Celsius-are gathered by orbiting satellites. Interestingly, in the 18 years those satellites have been recording global temperatures, they have actually shown a slight decrease in average temperatures.
  Hansen is currently calling for a reduction of atmospheric CO2 by 10 percent and a moratorium on coal-fired power plants, while claiming the Bush administration is censoring him. Other so-called scientists are saying the world must bring carbon emissions to near zero to keep temperatures from rising.
  In today's politically correct environment, many are reluctant to dispute the popular wisdom; when they do, they are frequently ignored.
  When NASA Administrator Michael Griffin, Hansen's boss and a distinguished scientist in his own right, attempted to draw a distinction between Hansen's personal and political views and the science conducted by his agency, he was soon forced to back off.
  It is the true believers who, when they have no facts on their side, try to silence their critics.
  When former NASA mathematician Ferenc Miskolczi pointed out that "greenhouse warming" may be mathematically impossible, NASA would not allow him to publish his work. Miskolczi dared to question the simplifying assumption in the warming model that the atmosphere is infinitely thick. He pointed out that when you use the correct thickness-about 65 miles-the greenhouse effect disappears! Ergo: no AGW. Miskolczi resigned in disgust and published his proof in the peerreviewed Hungarian journal Weather.
  For nearly a decade now, there has been no global warming. Even though atmospheric CO2 has continued to accumulate-up about 4 percent in the last 10 years-the global mean temperature has remained flat. That should raise obvious questions about CO2 being the cause of climate change.
  Instead, AGW enthusiasts are embracing more regulation, greater government spending, and higher taxes in a futile attempt to control what is beyond our control-the Earth's temperature. One of their political objectives, unstated of course, is the transfer of wealth from rich nations to poor nations or, as the social engineers put it, from the North to the South, which may be their real agenda.
  At the Bali Conference on Climate Change in December 2007, the poor nations insisted that the costs of technology to limit emissions and other impacts of climate change on their countries be paid by the rich nations. Most anticipated a windfall of money flowing into their countries to develop technology or purchase carbon credits. In this scenario, selling allotments for CO2 emissions would provide a temporary boost to their own cash flow, while severely limiting the economic development of those countries purchasing the carbon credits.
  In the face of overwhelming evidence for natural temperature variation, proponents of AGW are resorting to a precautionary argument: "We must do something just in case we are responsible, because the consequences are too terrible if we are to blame and do nothing." They hope to stampede government entities into committing huge amounts of money before their fraud is completely exposed-before science and truth save the day.
  Politicians think they can reverse global warming by stabilizing CO2 emissions with a cockamamie scheme of "cap and trade." A government entity would sell CO2 allocations to those industries producing it. The trillions of dollars in new taxes and devastation to the economy would be justified by claiming it will lower the temperature of the Earth. This rationalization is dependent on two assumptions: (1) that CO2 is responsible for the cause of changes in the Earth's temperature, and (2) a warmer Earth would be bad for humanity.
  The reality is that atmospheric CO2 has a minimal impact on greenhouse gases and world temperature. Water vapor is responsible for 95 percent of the greenhouse effect. CO2 contributes just 3.6 percent, with human activity responsible for only 3.2 percent of that.
  That is why some studies claim CO2 levels are largely irrelevant to global warming.
  Without the greenhouse effect to keep our world warm, the planet would have an average temperature of minus 18 degrees Celsius. Because we do have it, the temperature is a comfortable plus 15 degrees Celsius. Based on the seasonal and geographic distribution of any projected warming, a good case can be made that a warmer average temperature would be even more beneficial for humans.
  For a tiny fraction of the trillions of dollars a cap-and-trade system would eventually cost the United States, we could pay for development of clean coal, oil-shale recovery systems, and nuclear power, and have enough left over to pay for exploration of our solar system.
  By law, NASA cannot involve itself in politics, but it can surely champion the role of science to inform politicians. With so many uninformed and misguided politicians ignoring the available science, NASA should fill the void. NASA is synonymous with science. Allowing our priorities to drift away from hard science is tantamount to embracing decadence. NASA will surely suffer; and politicizing science is killing it.
  I do see hopeful signs that some true believers are beginning to harbor doubts about AGW. Let's hope that NASA can focus the global warming discussion back on scientific evidence before we perpetrate an economic disaster on ourselves.

• Launch Magazine Online
  2008-08-02 en In Science, Ignorance is not Bliss

• Watts Up With That? (Antony Watts
  2008-08-01 en Award-winning Astronaut Slams Hansen - Urges NASA to 'Debunk the current hysteria' over Warming

• Walter Cunningham en Homepage

William (Bill) M. Gray	Dr., hurricane expert, former President of the American Meteorological Association, Colorado State University

• Real Science (Steven Goddard)
  2011-01-02 en Bill Gray - 2006

  2006: "four years from now, the globe will start to cool again, as it did from the middle '40s to the middle '70s."

  Other professors at CSU tried to run him out of the department for his heresy.
  Looks like he may be the best climatologist in the world.

en Interview 2006-05-28

• Global warming is a hoax
• It is a planet where global warming isn't happening -- or, if it is happening, isn't happening because of human beings. Or, if it is happening because of human beings, isn't going to be a big problem. And, even if it is a big problem, we can't realistically do anything about it other than adapt.
• Now look at the ice in Antarctica: Getting thicker in places!
• Sea level rise? It's actually dropping around certain islands in the Pacific and Indian oceans.
• The models can't even predict the weather in two weeks, much less 100 years, he says.
• Gray says the recent rash of strong hurricanes is just part of a cycle. This is part of the broader skeptical message: Climate change is normal and natural. There was a Medieval Warm Period, for example, long before Exxon Mobil existed.
• The skeptics have a final trump in the argument: Climate change is actually good. Growing seasons will be longer. Plants like carbon dioxide. Trees devour it. This demonized molecule, CO2, isn't some kind of toxin or contaminant or pollutant -- it's fertilizer.
• Lewis says the snows of Kilimanjaro have been in retreat since the 1880s. The climate there is not getting warmer, it's getting drier. Just won't snow.
• The most famous anomaly, long cited by skeptics, was the satellite data. It didn't show the warming of the lower atmosphere.
• "Carbon dioxide: They call it pollution. We call it life."
• Or their kids come home from school and say, 'Daddy, why are you killing the planet?
• In 20 years, he likes to say, the world will have cooled, and everyone will know he was right all along. When that happens, he says, he hopes someone will put flowers on his grave.

• He is often called the World's Most Famous Hurricane Expert
  Washingoon Post 2006-05-28 en It shohuld be glorious to be Bill Gray

• Pensée unique fr Bill Gray

Dr. William Gray and Bill Clinton with Al Gore

• In a September, 2005, article from Discovery Magazine, Dr. William Gray, now an emeritus professor of atmospheric science at Colorado State University and a former president of the American Meteorological Association, was asked if funding problems that he was experiencing and has been experiencing could be traced to his skepticism of man-made global warming. His response: "I had NOAA money for 30 years, and then when the Clinton administration came in and Gore started directing some of the environmental stuff, I was cut off. I couldn't get any money from NOAA. They turned down 13 straight proposals from me." This man is one of the most prominent hurricane experts in the world, cut off during the Clinton-Gore administration because he had been skeptical of global warming.

• Dana Rohrabacher, representing California's 46th Congressional District
  2008-05-14 en Congressman Rohrabacher's Floor Speech on Global Warming

• Watts Up With That? (with comments)en Congressman Rohrabacher's Floor Speech on Global Warming

Gehirnwäsche / Brainwash

• EIKE / William M. Gray
  2011-01-03 de Mainstream-Medien helfen bei der Gehirnwäsche

• Coloradoan / William M. Gray
  2010-12-21 en Mainstream media helps to brainwash

John R. Christy

He is the Distinguished Professor of Atmospheric Science and Director of the Earth System Science Center at the University of Alabama in Huntsville. He was appointed Alabama's State Climatologist in 2000. For his development of a global temperature data set from satellites he was awarded NASA's Medal for Exceptional Scientific Achievement, and the American Meteorological Society's "Special Award." In 2002. Christy was elected Fellow of the American Meteorological Society. Christy was a lead author for the 2001 report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and the US CCSP report Temperature Trends in the Lower Atmosphere - Understanding and Reconciling Differences. He received his Ph.D. in Atmospheric sciences from the University of Illinois. He also has a master's degree in divinity from Golden Gate Baptist Theological Seminary.

• Wikipedia en: John R. Christy

de Aussagen:

• de Angesichts der derzeitigen heftigen Kontroverse über die Frage aus Satellitendaten abgeleiteter Troposphärentemperaturen geben wir an dieser Stelle im Interesse der Öffentlichkeit und mit Dr. Christys Erlaubnis die schriftliche Stellungnahme wieder, die er zu diesem Thema gegenüber dem Ressourcenausschuss des US-Repräsentantenhauses abgab.
  Die beobachteten Erwärmungsmuster, durch den Vergleich der Temperatur am Boden und in der Atmosphäre, zeigen nicht die typischen Merkmale eines Treibhauseffekts. Man kann nicht die Tatsache leugnen, der Einfluss des Menschen ist nicht entscheidend und die Zunahme des CO2 ist ein vernachlässigbarer Faktor bei der Klimaerwärmung.
  lycos.de de Stellungnahme von Dr. John Christy vom 13. Mai 2003 gegenüber dem Ressourcenausschuss des US-Repräsentantenhauses

en Statements:

• The observed pattern of warming, comparing surface and atmospheric temperature trends, does not show the characteristic fingerprint associated with greenhouse warming. The inescapable conclusion is that the human contribution is not significant and that observed increases in carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases make only a negligible contribution to climate warming.
• The concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) is increasing in the atmosphere due primarily to the combustion of fossil fuels. Fortunately (because we produce so much of it) CO2 is not a pollutant.
  As an aside, it is clear that other emissions may be called pollutants, e.g. sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and mercury. Controlling these is a completely separate issue from controlling emissions of CO2 and so will not be discussed here.
  The conclusion in IPCC 2001 that human induced global warming was clearly evident was partly based on a depiction of the Northern Hemisphere temperature since 1000 A.D. This depiction showed little change until about 1850, then contains a sharp upward rise, suggesting that recent warming was dramatic and linked to human effects.
  Since IPCC 2001, two important papers have shown something else.
  Using a wider range of information from new sources these studies now indicate large temperature swings have been common in the past 1000 years and that temperatures warmer than today's were common in 50-year periods about 1000 years ago.
  These studies suggest that the climate we see today is not unusual at all.
  John R. Christy : U.S. House Committee on Resources, 13 May 2003
  en Written Testimony

• Ökologismus de Die Mär von der Klimaerwärmung

• OnlineZeitung 24 de Aussagen

• The Wall Street Journal
  2007-11-01 en My Nobel Moment
  

• UAH Atmospheric Science Department/John R. Christy en Homepage

• BBC News en No consensus on IPCC's level of ignorance

• science.nasa.gov en Dr. John R. Christy

• Moonbattery.com/IPCC member John Christy
  2007-11-01 en IPCC Scientist Rejects Nobel Prize, Global Warming Hoax

• Pensée unique fr John R. Christy

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2 Global Warming Panic

Videos

de Aus der Panik-Küche en From the panic laboratory fr De la marmite des alarmistes

• Al Gore: An Inconvenient Truth, YouTube Video
  de Eine unbequeme Wahrheit
  en An Inconvenient Truth
  fr Une vérité qui dérange

Inconvenient Truth for Al Gore

• You Tube Video
  2006-01-16 en Global Warming: Point of No Return?

• de Globale Verdunkelung en Global Dimming fr Assombrissement global

• BBC-Video
  2007-03-20 en Global Dimming

• en Global Dimming
  1/5 en Climate Change - Global Dimming
  2/5 en Climate change- global dimming part 2
  3/5 en Climate Change - Global Dimming part 3
  4/5 en Climate Change - Global Dimming part 4
  5/5 en Global Dimming Documentary Part 5/5

• de Globale Verdunkelung
  1/5 de Globale Verdunkelung = Global Dimming
  2/5 de Bei Verdunkelung: Mehr Wolken
  3/5 de Mehr Schmutzpartikel in der Luft: Verdunkelung nimmt zu
  4/5 de Gefahr bei kleinerer Luftverschmutzung: Temperatur nimmt zu
  5/5 de Horror Szenarien bei hohen Temperaturen

• fr L'obscurcissement planétaire
  1/3 fr L'obscurcissement planétaire 1/3
  2/3 fr L'obscurcissement planétaire 2/3
  3/3 fr L'obscurcissement planétaire 3/3

Mehr ... / More ... / Plus ...

de	en	fr
Klima-Panik	Errors of the "Climatemakers" Part I	Climate Change Panic
Horror-Voraussagen und Schuldzuweisung	Horror-predictions and accusations	Prévisions horrifiantes et accusations

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3 IPCC and Al Gore

Inaccuracies in Al Gore's An Inconvenient Truth

• The New Party: Inaccuracies in Al Gore's An Inconvenient Truth
  

• Video 05:08 en Al Gore and the Global Warming Errors

• Video en Al Gore Finds Truth Inconvenient (04:13)
  Al Gore estimates flooding of 20 feet (6,1 m)

• Video en Scare Tactics in Al Gore's An Inconvenient Truth (08:14)

• Video en Al Gore Debates Global Warming (08:53)

• Video en Al Gore Snowjob (05:00)

• Video en Inconvenient Truths for Al Gore - Hurricane Catarina (01:27)

• Video en Inconvenient Truths for Al Gore - Moulins (Gletschermühlen) (02:25)

• Video en Global Warming Hoax (09:20)

Extract of the Al Gore Nobel Lecture on 10 December 2007

• en: However, despite a growing number of honorable exceptions, too many of the world's leaders are still best described in the words Winston Churchill applied to those who ignored Adolf Hitler's threat: "They go on in strange paradox, decided only to be undecided, resolved to be irresolute, adamant for drift, solid for fluidity, all powerful to be impotent."
• de: "Politiker, die jetzt noch nicht begriffen haben, dass die Klimaerwärmung die größte Herausforderung der Menschheit ist, verhalten sich so, wie Politiker, die die Gefahr, die von Hitler ausging, nicht wahrhaben wollten."

• Nobelprize.org: Nobel Lecture (Website)
  Nobelprize.org: Nobel Lecture (Video)
  Nobelprize.org: The Lecture in Text Format

Mehr ... / More ... / Plus ...

de	en	fr
IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Zwischenstaatlicher Ausschuss für Klimaänderungen)	IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change	GIEC Groupe d'experts intergouvernemental sur l'évolution du climat

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4 "The Great Global Warming Swindle"

• The Great Global Warming Swindle: Video UK-Channel 4, (74 Min.) 2007-03-08
  de Der Klimaschwindel (Global Warming Swindle)
  en The Great Global Warming Swindle
  fr La grande escroquerie du réchauffement climatique

• de RTL Extra: Der Klimaschwindel (40 Min.)

• de Rahmstorf, IPCC, Al Gore, Klimaschwindel

• de Der grosse CO2-Klimaschwindel

• en Climate Catastrophe Cancelled: What You're Not Being Told

• Global Warming - Doomsday Called Off (Video 44 Min):
  (Tag des jüngsten Gerichtes abgesagt)
  2007-03-21 en CBC - Doomsday Called Off

• Die Treibhausverschwörung
  ende Teil 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.
  Dokumentation von 1990, Channel 4 UK, exzellenter Journalismus, wer noch nicht glaubt, dass der Treibhaus-Effekt eine böswillige Erfindung ist, sollte auf die Gesichter achten,...
  Die Global-Warming-Theorie spielt gewitzt mit den Gefühlen der Menschen.
  Natürlich will jeder gern etwas Gutes tun. Das Blöde ist, dass jeder, der nicht zustimmt, automatisch zum Bösen wird.
  Und so kommt es dann, dass wegen eines für die Pflanzen lebenswichtigen Gases nicht nur mehr Steuern, Abgaben und Gesetze erlassen werden, sondern Menschen in einen Meinungskampf gelockt werden, der nicht nur sinnlos, sondern grundfalsch ist.
  Die CO2-Hysterie schadet nicht nur der Wirtschaft und dem Portemonnaie: Sie lenkt die Menschen von den eigentlichen Vorgängen ab: Wirtschaftskrieg, Aufrüstung, Verarmung, Hunger, Gentechnik-Vergiftung, Chemtrails, Haarp, Weltkriegspläne, Globale Wirtschaftskrise, ...

• de Hockeystick

• SpiegelTV de Der Klimaschwindel
  Kurze Dokumentation über den Klimawandel. Es sprechen auch Wissenschaftler von IPCC.

• A Friends of Science Production Video (25 Min):
  2007-03-24 en/sous-titré Kyoto

• Friends of Science Video
  2005-04-13 en Climate Catastrophe Cancelled - Parts 1-3

• 2007-04-29 en Data from Climate Catastrophe Cancelled
  

• YouTube (Video, 09:22) en Global Warming Hoax

• SR-3SAT-Sendung 2007-07-25/29 (07:49)
  de Klimastreit mit 1. Heiligenrother Klimagespräch

• Report 2007 (07:31)
  de IPCC zensiert Klimawissenschaftler Klimaschwindel

• Watts up with that? (Antony Watts)
  2009-11-19 en The Climate Skeptics Party launch 4 television ads in Australia

James Inhofe(R)

• James Inhofe(R)
  2009-04-07 en Climate Change in Copenhagen
  Doom and gloom pervade an international meeting of climate alarmists in this famed city. Click on the image below to watch a video presentation of this editorial.

• 2009-06-29 en EPA's Secret Document
  Sen. Inhofe discusses the Cap-and-Trade legislation that passed in the U.S. House and the EPA's secret document on greenhouse gases.

Lord Christopher Monckton

Glenn Beck

1975: "Global Cooling"

• AOL Video: 1975 - Global Cooling: The Coming Ice Age

Videos concerning CO2

• en YouTube: CO2 Propaganda

• en YouTube: Al Gore Debates Global Warming

• en YouTube: CO2 theory is nonsense

Mehr ... / More ... / Plus ...

de	en	fr
Der Klimaschwindel	The Great Global Warming Swindle	La grande escroquerie du réchauffement climatique

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5 Global Warming - from the Sun

	Sonne in Echtzeit / Sun in real time / Soleil en temps réel
	→ Sonnenflecken/Sunspots/Taches solaire → Sonnenaktivität/Solar activity/Acivité solaire

• en These new findings demonstrate that the sun alone can account for all the observed warming early in the century

• john-daly.com en Global Warming - from the Sun

Sonnenaktivität, kosmische Strahlung und Wolkenbedeckung
en Solar activity, cosmic rays and clouds
fr Activité solaire, rayonnement cosmique et nuages

• de Beobachtungen
• en Observations
• fr Observations

• de Variation der direkten Sonnenstrahlung
• de Changes in solar brightness
• fr Variation du rayonnement solaire

• de Kosmische Strahlung und Erdklima
• en Cosmic rays and Earth's climate
• fr Le rayonnement cosmique et le climat de la terre

• de Das Wolken-Mysterium
• en The cloud mystery
• fr Le mystère des nuages

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Beobachtungen
en Observations
fr Observations

Sonnenaktivität, kosmische Strahlung und Wolkenbedeckung

• de Zusammenhang zwischen Sonnenaktivität, kosmischer Strahlung und Wolkenbedeckung
• en Correlation between solar activity, cosmic ray and clouds
• fr Corrélation entre la durée des cycles solaires, rayonnement cosmique et de la constitution des nuages.

• ISAC en Influence of Solar Activity Cycles on Earth's Climate

Kosmische Strahlung und Wolkenbedeckung

de Kosmischen Strahlung und Wolkenbedeckung

• Die dünne Kurve entspricht der Stärke der kosmischen Strahlung, während die dicke Kurve die von Satelliten beobachtete Änderung der Wolkenbedeckung in Prozent abbildet.
• Der Gleichlauf der Kurven weist auf einen physikalischen Zusammenhang zwischen Sonnenaktivität, kosmischer Strahlung und irdischem Klima hin.
• Nach H. Svensmark und E. Friis-Christensen (1996)

en Low Clouds Cover and Cosmic Ray

• Link between Low Cloud Cover and Galactic Cosmic Rays?
• Marsh and Svensmark, PRL, 2000.

fr Couverture nuageuse à basse altitude et rayons cosmiques

• Les particules ionisantes venues de l'espace, plus ou moins déviées par les éruptions solaires influencent grandement la couverture nuageuse de la terre et donc sa température!
  Avouez que le recouvrement de la courbe rouge (intensité des rayons cosmiques) et de la courbe bleue (taux de couverture nuageuse à basse altitude) est pour le moins confondante...

• H. Svensmark und E. Friis-Christensen (1996)
  geocities.com de Kosmische Strahlung, Sonnenwind und Wolkenausbreitung

• ISAC en Influence of Solar Activity Cycles on Earth's Climate

• Pensée unique fr Programme CLOUD

Sonnenflecken und Temperatur

• Die an der Erdoberfläche gemessene Lufttemperatur der nördlichen Atmosphäre für die Jahre 1865 bis 1985 (dicke Kurve) zeigt eine enge Korrelation mit der Variation der Intensität der Sonnenfleckentätigkeit im säkularen Gleissberg-Zyklus (dünne Kurve).
• Nach Friis-Christensen und Lassen

• solidaritaet.com de Nigel Calder: Korrelation Sonnenflecken/Temperatur

• Pensée unique fr Corrélation entre la durée des cycles solaires et la température du globe
  

Sonnenaktivität und globale Temperatur

• Übereinstimmung zwischen dem Modell der Sonnenaktivität von D. V. Hoyt und K. H. Schatten [39] (dicke Kurve) und Zeitreihen der globalen Temperatur (gestrichelte Kurve), die für einen starken Einfluss der Sonnenaktivität auf das Klima spricht.

• D. V. Hoyt und K. H. Schatten
  schulphysik.de de Gleissberg-Zyklus der Sonnenaktivität und Klimaschwankungen

Corrélation entre la durée des cycles solaires et la température du globe

• fr Des chercheurs astrophysiciens Danois qui travaillent depuis une dizaine d'années sur ce problème ont eu l'idée originale de tracer sur un même graphique la température moyenne du globe de 1750 à 2000 (courbe blanche ci-contre) et la durée des cycles solaires pendant la même période (en jaune sur le même graphique).

• de Man muss blind sein, um diesen Zusammenhang nicht zu sehen!
• en One must be blind not to see the correlation!
• fr A moins d'être aveugle, on voit que cela a bien l'air d'être le cas!

• Pensée unique fr Le débat en cours sur le réchauffement climatique sous la loupe ...

• Skyfal Free / Changement climatique
  2007-07-10 fr Corrélation à la carte

Is it the Sun?

Is it the Sun?

This diagram shows the monthly average temperature record for central England and it is noticeable that the graph from 1900 mirrors quite well the global temperature record. The other plot is the number of sunspots noted monthly. Barrett Bellamy Climate en Is it the Sun?

Jack Barrett David J. Bellamy

PhD in physical chemistry for research into the Photolysis of Liquid Water Prof. OBE., BSc., PhD., Hon FLS,. DSc., DUniv., C.Biol., FIBiol., FRIN

Südpazifische Oszillation (SO) und Kosmische Strahlung

Borchert 2010 Abb. 4d

Eine Gegenüberstellung der um 30 Monate zeitverzögerten gleitenden 3 Jahresmittel der Südpazifischen Oszillation und der durch die Sonnenaktivität modulierten kosmischen Strahlung zeigt in Abb. 4d eine gute Übereinstimmung im periodischen Verlauf von 1980 bis 2008 und weist auf die extraterrestrische Beeinflussung der La Nina - El Nino Perioden hin.

de Kurzfassung

Vergleichbar mit den Untersuchungsergebnissen der Nordatlantischen Oszillation (NAO) wird auch die Südpazifische Oszillation (SO) durch Sonnenaktivität beeinflusst:

Während der Wärmeperiode ab 1980 wird eine Resonanz zwischen den Periodizitäten der Sonnenfleckenhäufigkeit in der 22. und 23. Sonnenfleckenperiode und des Sonnenwindindex "aa" mit der zeitverzögerten Südpazifischen Oszillation beobachtet.

Auch die durch die Magnetfelder der Sonnenwinde ausgelösten Periodizitäten der Kosmischen Strahlung sind in diesem Zeitraum mit der zeitverzögerten Südpazifische Oszillation (SO) in Resonanz (K=0,8).

Das führt zu solar gesteuerter Bewölkungsreduktion durch den Svensmark-Effekt und dadurch zu verstärkter Sonneneinstrahlung.

Es erfolgt so ein zusätzlicher Temperaturanstieg und eine zusätzliche Erwärmung des Ozeans in der südlichen Hemisphäre.

Diese solar bewirkte Meereserwärmung führt zur Emission von gelöstem CO2, was als Zusatzdüngung der Weltflora dient.

Eine Temperaturerhöhung durch CO2 lässt sich aus den Messwerten nicht ableiten.

Mit Beendigung der Sonnenaktivität im Dezember 2006 hat auch in der südlichen Hemisphäre eine kalte Wetterperiode begonnen.

en Abstract

It was found that the South Pacific Oscillation (SO) is influenced by Sun activity similar to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO).

Especially during the warming period from 1980 to 2009 the oscillation of Sunwind - Index "aa" was in good resonance with the delayed South Pacific Oscillation.

The same observation was found between the Oscillation of Cosmic Radiation, which is controlled by the Forbush - Reduction by the magnetic fields of the sun protons of the Sunwind and the delayed SO (K=0,8).

The consequence of this observations is the postulation, that the increase of global temperature in the Southern Hemisphere was caused by sun activity with strong emissions of Proton-rays in Earth's direction during the 22. and 23. Sunspot-Periods reducing Cosmic Rays with the consequence of reduction of cloudiness, increasing global rays and warming up the lower atmosphere (Svensmark - Effect).

As a consequence resolved CO2 was continuously emitted from the slowly warming up Ocean giving a good fertilizer of the flora of the world.

A relevance of CO2 concerning Climate Change could not be found.

With the end of Sun activity in 2006 a cold weather period has started in the Southern Hemisphere too.

• EIKE Europäisches Institut für Klima und Energie
  2010-11-16 de Südpazifische Oszillation und Kosmische Strahlung

• Dr. Horst Borchert
  2010 de Südpazifische Oszillation und Kosmische Strahlung

Mehr ... / More ... / Plus ...

de	en	fr
Ozeanische Oszillation	Ocean oscillation	Oscillation océaniques

-

Sea level rise and solar cycles

Sea Level Rise and Solar Cycles

• Wattts Up With That? (Antony Watts)
  2009-04-07 en Archibald on sea level rise and solar cycles

  The saw tooth pattern reminded someone of the solar cycles and he overlaid it.

  The correlation is striking.

  The reason the Earth came out of the Little Ice Age is because we had a more active Sun, more active than at any time for the previous 8,000 years.

  Holgate determined that 70% of the sea level rise of the 20th century was due to thermal expansion of the oceans and the rest due to melting glaciers.

  Now that the Sun has become less active, that will work in reverse.

-

Sea Level Rise and Solar Activity

Sea Level Rise and Solar Activity

• Wattts Up With That? (Antony Watts)
  2010-12-01 en Sea Level Rise and Solar Activity

  Successful prediction of levels of solar activity suggests that prediction of other phenomena driven by solar activity might also be successful, and useful.

  Sea level rise is a concern of some people.

  President Obama said in June 2008 that his nomination in the Democratic primaries was "the moment when the rise of the oceans began to slow".

  The above graph shows the satellite data from the University of Colorado from late 1992.

  A change of trend is evident in 2004.

  Prior to that, sea level was rising at 4.2 mm/annum, and after 2004 at 1.5 mm/annum.

  2003 was the recent peak in solar activity in terms of flares, F10.7 flux and proton flux.

  It is likely that the lower rate of rise post 2004 is due to lower subsequent solar activity.

Zusammenhang zwischen Tageslänge und Sonnenaktivität
fr La longueur du jour sous influence des rayons cosmiques et du soleil

fr L'amplitude de la variation semi-annuelle de la longueur du jour (en bleu) est anti-corrélée au nombre de taches solaires (avec un glissement d'un an) (rouge en haut), et corrélées au flux de rayons cosmiques galactiques (rouge en bas).

• Klimaskeptiker Info
  2010-10-13 de Zusammenhang zwischen Tageslänge und Sonnenaktivität

  Eine Studie von französisischen und russischen Wissenschaftlern belegt einen Zusammenhang zwischen der Sonnenaktivität und kleinen Schwankungen der Tageslänge der Erde.

  Nach der Studie haben die von der Sonenaktivität modulierten kosmischen Strahlen Einfluß auf bestimmte Windmuster.

  Die sich verändernden Winde beschleunigen und verlangsamen die Erdrotation.

  Dies ist neben einem interessanten wissenschaftlichen Ergebnis auch ein Hinweis darauf, über welchen Mechanismus die Sonne Einfluß auf der Erdklima nimmt.

  Die AGW-Vertreter wollen den Sonneneinfluß stets mit dem Hinweis abtun, während ihres Aktivitätszyklus von normalerweise etwa 11 Jahren verändere die Sonne ihre Strahlung nur um so wenig, daß damit eine Erwärmung bzw. Abkühlung der Erde in dem beobachteten Umfang nicht erklärt werden könne.

  Aber: Der Einfluß der Sonne funktioniert nicht direkt über die Stärke ihrer Strahlung, sondern durch die vom zyklisch stärker und schwächer werdenden Sonnenwind mehr oder weniger weggefegte kosmische Strahlung.

  Die kosmische Strahlung wiederum steuert ganz offenbar starke Winde und - nach einer anderen Hypothese - auch die Wolkenbildung.

  Diese Einflüsse wären zusammen weit stärker als der logarithmische (sprich geringe) Einfluß der Infrarot-Absorption durch "Treibhausgase" wie CO2 oder Methan.

• Techno-Science
  2010-09-09 fr La longueur du jour sous influence des rayons cosmiques et du soleil

  Les jours ne durent pas 24h00... Une équipe franco-russe de géophysiciens et de mathématiciens appliqués conduite par Jean-Louis Le Mouël, physicien à l'Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (INSU-CNRS, Paris Diderot), vient d'identifier une corrélation forte entre certaines variations de la longueur du jour et l'évolution décennale à multi-décennale de l'activité solaire.

  Une étude parue récemment dans la revue Geophysical Research Letters de l'American Geophysical Union.

  La longueur du jour (en moyenne 86 400 secondes) n'est pas tout à fait constante et varie de quelques millisecondes ou fractions de millisecondes dans une vaste gamme de périodes allant de quelques mois (et moins) à plusieurs siècles (et plus à l'échelle des temps géologiques).

  Comment la vitesse de rotation de la Terre peut-elle donc être sensible à la modulation des rayons cosmiques ?

  Une corrélation entre rayon cosmiques et couverture nuageuse a été observée et une théorie proposée par Svensmark et Friis-Christensen dès les années 90.

  Une expérience (CLOUD) est en cours au CERN pour en tester la validité: elle devrait très bientôt fournir ses premiers résultats.

  C'est ce qui conduit l'équipe à penser que le rôle du Soleil dans les variations climatiques des dernières décennies a pu être notablement sous-évalué.

Enge Korrelation zwischen Sonnenaktivität und Wassermengen in Flüssen und Seen
en Solar to river flow and lake level correlations

de Weniger Sonnenflecken → kälter → trockener en Less sunspots → colder → dryer	Klimaskeptiker Info 2010-07-22 de Enge Korrelation zwischen Sonnenaktivität und Wassermengen in Flüssen und Seen Watts Up With That? (Antony Watts) 2010-07-22 en Solar to river flow and lake level correlations
de Korrelation zwischen der Sonnenaktivität (gemessen an der Zahl der Sonnenflecken) und der Wassermenge, die der südamerikanische Fluß Parana führt. Der Parana ist der zweitgrößte Fluß Südamerikas. Der gewaltige Itaipu-Damm mit einer installierten Kraftwerksleistung von 14.000 MW staut den Parana.	en The figure above is after a figure from Maus et al 2010 "Long term solar activity influences on South American rivers". It shows a very good correlation between solar activity, as measured by sunspot number, and the flow rate of the Parana River, the second largest river in South America. The Parana River now hosts the Itaipu Dam with installed capacity of 14,000 MW.
Our prediction for Solar Cycle 24 in terms of F10.7 flux is shown following:
de Die AGW-Anhänger behaupten, der Einfluß der Sonne auf das Klima sei gering, da sich der Betrag der Sonnenstrahlung nur gering mit dem Sonnenfleckenzyklus ändere. Wenn aber die Sonnenaktivität offenbar die Wassermengen in Flüssen und Seen steuert, ist ein Einfluß auf andere Aspekte des Wettergeschehens mindestens plausibel. Der nur sehr zögerlich gestartete und sich schwach entwickelnde Zyklus 24 läßt angesichts des Einflusses auf die Flüsse verschiedene Folgen erwarten: Massive Einbußen z.B. bei den kanadischen Getreideernten Dürre in Zentralsüdamerika Dürre in Ostafrika Massive Einbußen bei der Wasserkraft-Ausbeute in Brasilien und Paraguay Wenn diese vorhergesagte Folgen eines schwachen Sonnenfleckenzyklus 24 eintreten, werden die CAGW-Anhänger zweifellos versuchen, sie als Konsequenzen der vermeintlichen globalen Erwärmung zu vermarkten - selbst wenn es bis dahin global kälter werden sollte.	en Given the link between East African and central South American rainfall and solar activity, the list of economic impacts from the current solar minimum (Solar Cycles 24 and 25) can be expanded to: Canadian agricultural will get a severe whacking from a shortened growing season and un-seasonal frosts. Drought in central South America Drought in East Africa Paraguay and Brazil having severe power shortages. This list is by no means exhaustive. The last time the world witnessed mass starvation was the 1965-67 drought in India which killed 1.5 million people. Things don't look pretty.

IPCC unterschlägt die Abnahme der Gefahr von Wassermangel in der Zukunft
en The IPCC: Hiding the Decline in the Future Global Population at Risk of Water Shortage

• Watts Up With That? (Antony Watts)
  2010-01-18 en The IPCC: Hiding the Decline in the Future Global Population at Risk of Water Shortage

  This is an error, based not on blunders or poor scholarship but on selective reporting of results, where one side of the story is highlighted but the other side is buried in silence.

  In other words, it's a sin of omission, that is, it results, literally, from being economical with the truth.

  It succeeds in conveying an erroneous impression of the issue - similar to what "hide the decline" did successfully (until Climategate opened and let the sunshine in).

• IPCC Figure SPM.2
  en Key impacts as a function of increasing global average temperature change

• Arnell (2004), Table 10
  en Number of people (million) with an increase or decrease in water stress

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Unterscheidung zwischen direkter und indirekter Wirkung der Sonne
en Difference between the influence of Solar brihgtness and Solar activity
fr Différence entre l'influence du rayonnement solaire et de l'activité solaire

Variation der Intensität der direkten Sonnenstrahlung
en Variation of the solar brightness
fr Variation du rayonnement solaire

• de Es ist nicht die Variation der direkten Sonnenstrahlung, die das Klima auf der Erde verändert.
  
• Die direkte Sonnenstrahlung schwankt über Jahrzehnte nur um etwa 0.1%, was an der Erdoberfläche Schwankungen von nur etwa 0.3 W/m² ausmacht.

Indirekte Wirkung der Sonnenaktivität
en Indirect influence of solar activity
fr Influence indirecte de l'activité solaire

• de Viel grösser sind indirekte Wirkungen als Folge von Schwankungen des Sonnenmagnetfeldes, in das die Erde eingebettet ist.
  Folgendes geschieht dabei:
  • Teilchen der Kosmischen Strahlung, die aus den Tiefen des Weltraums ständig in die Erdatmosphäre prasseln, erzeugen dort Ionen, die - genau wie schwebende Staubteilchen (Aerosole) - als Kondensationskerne für Wassertropfen dienen können.
  • Das wechselnde Magnetfeld und der Sonnenwind schirmen Kosmische Strahlung mehr oder minder stark ab.
  • Sie ändern damit die Tropfenbildung in der Atmosphäre und die Wolkenbedeckung der Erde.

• Alvo v. Alvensleben de Kohlendioxid und Klima

-

Kosmische Strahlung und Erdklima
en Cosmic rays and Earth's climate
fr Le rayonnement cosmique et le climat de la terre

Die kosmische Strahlung

• de Die Kosmische Strahlung (engl. Cosmic Rays), früher auch Höhenstrahlung genannt, ist eine hochenergetische Teilchenstrahlung aus dem Weltall. Sie besteht vorwiegend aus Protonen, daneben aus Elektronen und vollständig ionisierten Atomen. Auf die äußere Erdatmosphäre treffen ca. 1000 Teilchen pro Quadratmeter und Sekunde. Durch Wechselwirkung mit den Gasmolekülen entstehen Teilchenschauer mit einer hohen Anzahl von Sekundärteilchen, von denen aber nur ein geringer Teil die Erdoberfläche erreicht.
• en Cosmic rays are energetic particles originating from space that impinge on Earth's atmosphere. Almost 90% of all the incoming cosmic ray particles are protons, about 9% are helium nuclei (alpha particles) and about 1% are electrons (beta minus particles). The term "ray" is a misnomer, as cosmic particles arrive individually, not in the form of a ray or beam of particles.
• fr Le rayonnement cosmique désigne de manière générale le flux de particules de haute énergie (c'est-à-dire relativistes) présent dans tout l'Univers. Il s'agit pour sa partie chargée principalement de protons (entre 85 et 90 %) et de noyaux d'hélium (de 9 à 14 %), le reste étant constitué d'électrons, de différents nucléons (noyaux d'atomes) ainsi que de quantités infimes d'antimatière légère (antiprotons et positrons).

• Wikipedia de Kosmische Strahlung
  Wikipedia en Cosmic ray
  Wikipedia fr Rayon cosmique

• Hessisches Landesamt für Umwelt und Geologie de Kosmische Strahlung

Cosmic rays and Earth's climate

• Junk Science en Cosmic rays and Earth's climate

-

Das Wolken-Mysterium
en The cloud mystery
fr Le mystère des nuages

Henrik Svensmark, Director of the Centre for Sun-Climate Research at the Danish Space Research Institute, a part of the Danish National Space Center,
Egil Friis-Christensen, Director of the Danish National Space Center,
Nigel March,
Nir Shaviv, Astrophysics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem,
Euène Parker, Prof. Emeritus University of Chicago,
Script consultant: Nigel Calder.

de Das Klima wird von der Sonne gesteuert

• Schauen Sie sich diese Videos an in dem dänische Forscher erklären, wie sie darauf gekommen sind, dass das Klima von der Sonne gesteuert wird.
• Die Sonne lenkt zeitweise die kosmische Strahlung von der Erde ab, so dass weniger Wolken entstehen und es auf der Erde wärmer wird (oder bei abnehmender Sonnenaktivität auch kühler wird).
• Ständig treffen kosmische Strahlen aus dem Weltraum auf die Erdatmosphäre. Sie lassen hier als Kondensationskeime Wolken entstehen. Nimmt die kosmische Strahlung zu, breitet sich die Wolkendecke aus, und es wird kälter. Nimmt die kosmische Strahlung ab, schrumpft auch die Wolkendecke, und es wird wärmer. Das weit in den interplanetarischen Raum reichende Magnetfeld der Sonne wirkt, zusammen mit den so genannten Sonnenwinden, als Schutzschild und Regler gegenüber der kosmischen Strahlung.

en The sun is at the origin of climate change

• Have a look at these videos to see how scientiscs from Denmark have found how the sun is at the origin of climate change.
• The sun modifies the cosmic rays which are creating clouds and therefore influence the heating of the earth.

fr Le soleil est à l'origine du changement climatique

• Regardez ces vidéos pour voir comment des scietifiques danois ont trouvé que le soleil est à l'origine du changement climatique.
• Le mystère de la constitution des nuages qui modifient le climat de la terre, par les rayons ionisants venus de l'espace.
  
• En d'autres mots: Le soleil à l'origine de la déviation des rayons ionisants venus de l'espace qui constituent des nuages et de cette effet sont responsable de la modification du climat de la terre.

• de Das Geheimnis der Wolken
  1 2 3 4 5 6

• en The Cloud Mystery
  1 2 3 4 5 6

• Pensée unique fr Le mystère de la constitution des nuages qui modifient le climat de la terre, par les rayons ionisants venus de l'espace

Wolken unter kosmischem Einfluss

• Seit Jahrzehnten vermuten Sonnenforscher wie die dänischen Meteorologen Henrik Svensmark und Eigil Friis Christensen, dass die kosmische Strahlung sich auf die Wolkenbildung auswirkt und somit die Temperaturen auf der Erde beeinflusst. Einen solchen Zusammenhang legten frappierende statistische Übereinstimmungen zwischen dem Sonnenfleckenzyklus und der Temperaturentwicklung auf der Erde nahe. Die offizielle Klimaforschung fasste das Thema jedoch stets mit sehr spitzen Fingern oder überhaupt nicht an, da der Nachweis eines physikalischen Mechanismus fehle. Das dürfte sich jetzt ändern. Einer Arbeitsgruppe um Frank Arnold vom Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik in Heidelberg hat in einem aufwendigen Versuch erstmals experimentelle Hinweise auf den physikalischen Prozess gefunden. Wie von den Sonnenforschern bislang vermutet, können Teilchen, die aus dem All mit hoher Geschwindigkeit in die Atmosphäre eindringen, tatsächlich Kondensationskerne für Wolken entstehen lassen. Pioniere der These wie Henrik Svensmark dürften die Max-Plank-Ergebnisse als späte Genugtuung empfinden und als Ausgleich für die jahrelangen Anfeindungen durch manche etablierten Klimaforscher. Quelle: MaxPlanckForschung (Wissensmagazin der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft) 1/2003.

• maxeiner-miersch.de de Kosmische Wolke

• In den vergangenen Jahren haben die Meteorologen Henrik Svensmark, Eigil Friis-Christensen, und Nigel Marsh einen Zusammenhang zwischen der Intensität der kosmischen Strahlung und dem Bewölkungsgrad gefunden. Insbesondere deuten die statistischen Analysen einen elfjährigen Zyklus der Bewölkung an, was auf einen Zusammenhang zwischen dem Sonnenfleckenzyklus und daraus resultierenden Schwankungen der kosmischen Strahlung hinweist. Allerdings bemängeln Kritiker die beschränkte Datenbasis sowie das Fehlen eines experimentell fundierten physikalischen Prozesses. Letzteren scheinen Frank Arnold und seine Mitarbeiter nun gefunden zu haben.

• Welt der Physik de Wolken unter kosmischem Einfluss

IPCC Position

en Cosmic Rays and Climate

• ScienceBits / Nir J. Shaviv
  en Cosmic Rays and Climate

• en Chapter 6 Radiative Forcing of Climate Change
  6.11.2.2 Cosmic rays and clouds

  Climate Change 2001 IPCC Working Group I: The Scientific Basis
  Svensmark and Friis-Christensen (1997) demonstrated a high degree of correlation between total cloud cover, from the ISCCP C2 data set, and cosmic ray flux between 1984 and 1991. Changes in the heliosphere arising from fluctuations in the Sun's magnetic field mean that galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) are less able to reach the Earth when the Sun is more active so the cosmic ray flux is inversely related to solar activity.

  Svensmark and Friis-Christensen analysed monthly mean data of total cloud using only data over the oceans between 60°S and 60°N from geostationary satellites. They found an increase in cloudiness of 3 to 4% from solar maximum to minimum and speculated that (a) increased GCR flux causes an increase in total cloud and that (b) the increase in total cloud causes a cooling of climate.

  Svensmark and Friis-Christensen (1997) also extended this analysis to cover the years 1980 to 1996 using cloud data from the DMSP and Nimbus-7 satellites and showed that the high correlation with GCR flux is maintained

  But IPCC concluded:
  We conclude ... At present there is insufficient evidence to confirm that cloud cover responds to solar variability.

  Remarks:
  IPCC has not reconsidered its position yet. (2008)

Mehr ... / More ... / Plus ...

de	en	fr
Ursachen des Klimawandels	Causes of Climate Change	Les causes du changement climatique

• Full text en Sections 6 - 10

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